A nomogram for preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on inflammation-related markers / 中华外科杂志

Objectives: To construct a nomogram for prediction of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) lymph node metastasis based on inflammation-related markers,and to conduct its clinical verification. Methods: Clinical and pathological data of 858 ICC patients who underwent radical resection were retrospectively collected at 10 domestic tertiary hospitals in China from January 2010 to December 2018. Among the 508 patients who underwent lymph node dissection,207 cases had complete variable clinical data for constructing the nomogram,including 84 males,123 females,109 patients≥60 years old,98 patients<60 years old and 69 patients were pathologically diagnosed with positive lymph nodes after surgery. Receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to calculate the accuracy of preoperative imaging examinations to determine lymph node status,and the difference in overall survival time was compared by Log-rank test. Partial regression squares and statistically significant preoperative variables were screened by backward stepwise regression analysis. R software was applied to construct a nomogram,clinical decision curve and clinical influence curve,and Bootstrap method was used for internal verification. Moreover,retrospectively collecting clinical information of 107 ICC patients with intraoperative lymph node dissection admitted to 9 tertiary hospitals in China from January 2019 to June 2021 was for external verification to verify the accuracy of the nomogram. 80 patients with complete clinical data but without lymph node dissection were divided into lymph node metastasis high-risk group and low-risk group according to the score of the nomogram among the 858 patients. Log-rank test was used to compare the overall survival of patients with or without lymph node metastasis diagnosed by pathology. Results: The area under the curve of preoperative imaging examinations for lymph node status assessment of 440 patients was 0.615,with a false negative rate of 62.8% (113/180) and a false positive rate of 14.2% (37/260). The median survival time of 207 patients used to construct a nomogram with positive or negative postoperative pathological lymph node metastases was 18.5 months and 27.1 months,respectively (P<0.05). Five variables related to lymph node metastasis were screened out by backward stepwise regression analysis,which were combined calculi,neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,albumin,liver capsule invasion and systemic immune inflammation index,according to which a nomogram was constructed with concordance index(C-index) of 0.737 (95%CI: 0.667 to 0.806). The C-index of external verification was 0.674 (95%CI:0.569 to 0.779). The calibration prediction curve was in good agreement with the reference curve. The results of the clinical decision curve showed that when the risk threshold of high lymph node metastasis in the nomogram was set to about 0.32,the maximum net benefit could be obtained by 0.11,and the cost/benefit ratio was 1∶2. The results of clinical influence curve showed that when the risk threshold of high lymph node metastasis in the nomogram was set to about 0.6,the probability of correctly predicting lymph node metastasis could reach more than 90%. There was no significant difference in overall survival time between patients with high/low risk of lymph node metastasis assessed by the nomogram and those with pathologically confirmed lymph node metastasis or without lymph node metastasis (Log-rank test:P=0.082 and 0.510,respectively). Conclusion: The prediction accuracy of preoperative nomogram for ICC lymph node metastasis based on inflammation-related markers is satisfactory,which can be used as a supplementary method for preoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastasis and is helpful for clinicians to make personalized decision of lymph node dissection for patients with ICC.

The characteristics and correlations of vaginal flora in women with cervical lesions / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore the characteristics and correlations of vaginal flora in women with cervical lesions. Methods: A total of 132 women, including 41 women diagnosed with normal cervical (NC), 39 patients with low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 1), 37 patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2/3) and 15 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), who came from the gynecological clinic of Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University during January 2018 to June 2018, were enrolled in this study according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria strictly. The vaginal flora was detected by 16S rDNA sequencing technology. Co-occurrence network analysis was used to investigate the Spearman correlations between different genera of bacteria. Results: The dominant bacteria in NC, CIN 1 and CIN 2/3 groups were Lactobacillus [constituent ratios 79.4% (1 869 598/2 354 098), 63.6% (1 536 466/2 415 100) and 58.3% (1 342 896/2 301 536), respectively], while Peptophilus [20.4% (246 072/1 205 154) ] was the dominant bacteria in SCC group. With the aggravation of cervical lesions, the diversity of vaginal flora gradually increased (Shannon index: F=6.39, P=0.001; Simpson index: F=3.95, P=0.012). During the cervical lesion progress, the ratio of Lactobacillus gradually decreased, the ratio of other anaerobes such as Peptophilus, Sneathia, Prevotella and etc. gradually increased, and the differential bacteria (LDA score >3.5) gradually evolved from Lactobacillus to other anaerobes. The top 10 relative abundance bacteria, spearman correlation coefficient>0.4 and P<0.05 were selected. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that Prevotella, Peptophilus, Porphyrinomonas, Anaerococcus, Sneathia, Atopobium, Gardnerella and Streptococcus were positively correlated in different stages of cervical lesions, while Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with the above anaerobes. It was found that the relationship between vaginal floras in CIN 1 group was the most complex and only Peptophilus was significantly negatively correlated with Lactobacillus in SCC group. Conclusions: The increased diversity and changed correlations between vaginal floras are closely related to cervical lesions. Peptophilus is of great significance in the diagnosis, prediction and early warning of cervical carcinogenesis.

Hippocampus: Molecular, Cellular, and Circuit Features in Anxiety / 神经科学通报·英文版

Anxiety disorders are currently a major psychiatric and social problem, the mechanisms of which have been only partially elucidated. The hippocampus serves as a major target of stress mediators and is closely related to anxiety modulation. Yet so far, its complex anatomy has been a challenge for research on the mechanisms of anxiety regulation. Recent advances in imaging, virus tracking, and optogenetics/chemogenetics have permitted elucidation of the activity, connectivity, and function of specific cell types within the hippocampus and its connected brain regions, providing mechanistic insights into the elaborate organization of the hippocampal circuitry underlying anxiety. Studies of hippocampal neurotransmitter systems, including glutamatergic, GABAergic, cholinergic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic systems, have contributed to the interpretation of the underlying neural mechanisms of anxiety. Neuropeptides and neuroinflammatory factors are also involved in anxiety modulation. This review comprehensively summarizes the hippocampal mechanisms associated with anxiety modulation, based on molecular, cellular, and circuit properties, to provide tailored targets for future anxiety treatment.

Research progress of multi-source information fusion technology in quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine / 药学学报

The quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine is one of the key issues related to the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. The quality evaluation technology system of traditional Chinese medicine mainly includes traditional evaluation (traits, microscopic and physicochemical identification), chemical evaluation and biological evaluation. Due to the complex composition of traditional Chinese medicine, the single detection method in the above evaluation technology system usually cannot obtain sufficient quality information. The multi-source information fusion strategy can organically integrate data from multiple analysis and detection technologies to obtain more comprehensive information of samples and improve the quality evaluation effect. At present, multi-source information fusion strategy has been widely used in the fields of military, industrial and food, and it is still in its infancy in the field of quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine. This research introduces the definition, structure, method (algorithm) and fusion level of multi-source information fusion, summarizes its research progress in the origin traceability, variety identification and pharmaceutical analysis of traditional Chinese medicine, and sorts out the specific methods of data fusion in each literature. Finally, we summarized, prospected and discussed the application, development and existing problems of information fusion technology and its application in the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine, in order to provide reference for broadening the application of this technology in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.

Application of MRI Water-Fat Separation Technology in Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical significance of magnetic resonance imaging water-fat separation (Dixon) technique in patients with multiple myeloma.@*METHODS@#A total of 41 newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma who underwent Dixon in The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from April 2019 to April 2021 were included in this study. Patients were divided into observation group and control group according to whether Dixon performance was normal or not. The differences of clinical data and fat fraction (FF) between the two groups were compared. The correlation between FF and clinical data, disease stages and differences before and after treatment were also compared. The receiver operator characteristic curve of patients was drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of FF combined with serum alkaline phosphatase for bone destruction in patients with multiple myeloma.@*RESULTS@#Among the 41 patients, there were 12 cases in the control group and 29 cases in the observation group. There was no significant difference in age and sex between the two groups. In the observation group, β2-microglobulin concentration and M protein were significantly higher than those in the control group, while serum alkaline phosphatase and FF were lower (P<0.05). In all 41 patients included in the study, there was a significant negative correlation between FF value and β2-microglobulin concentration (r=-0.57), and a significant positive correlation between FF value and serum alkaline phosphatase (r=0.31). After treatment, FF value increased, while myeloma cell percentage, β2-microglobulin concentration and M protein decreased in 11 patients who completed 4 cycles of chemotherapy, and the differences before and after treatment were statistically significant (P<0.05). The value of serum alkaline phosphatase combined with FF value in predicting bone destruction is higher than that of FF value or serum alkaline phosphatase alone.@*CONCLUSION@#Dixon's different imaging manifestations can reflect the severity of the disease. FF value is correlated with clinical examination results and R-ISS staging, and there is a significant difference before and after treatment. Serum alkaline phosphatase combined with FF value is better than two indicators alone in predicting bone destruction.

Interaction between Abnormal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Hyperlipidemia during Pregnancy on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the interaction between abnormal prepregnancy body mass index(pBMI)and high blood lipid level during pregnancy on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods A total of 235 patients with GDM and no blood lipid-related diseases before pregnancy were selected from Hangzhou Women's Hospital during March 2017 to July 2018 as the GDM group.At a ratio of 1∶3,a total of 705 individual age-matched pregnant women with normal glucose metabolism during prenatal examination from the same hospital were selected as the control group.The generalized multifactor dimension reduction(GMDR)method was employed to characterize the possible interaction between pBMI-blood lipid and GDM.The cross-validation consistency,equilibrium test accuracy,and P value were calculated to evaluate the interaction of each model. Results GMDR model analysis showed that the second-order model including pBMI and gestational blood lipid level had the best performance(P=0.001),with the cross-validation consistency of 10/10 and the equilibrium test accuracy of 64.48%,suggesting that there was a potential interaction between pBMI and gestational high blood lipid level.After adjustment of confounding factors,the model demonstrated that overweight/obesity patients with high triglyceride(TG) level had the highest risk of developing GDM(OR=14.349,95%CI=6.449-31.924,P<0.001).Stratified analysis showed that overweight/obesity patients under high TG level group had a higher risk of developing GDM than normal weight individuals(OR=2.243,95%CI=1.173-4.290,P=0.015). Conclusions Abnormal pBMI and high blood lipid level during pregnancy are the risk factors of GDM and have an interaction between each other.Overweight/obese pregnant women with high TG levels are more likely to develop GDM.

Chinese medicine dispensing granules: history, status quo, and development prospect in "post-pilot era" / 中国中药杂志

Chinese medicine dispensing granules, the result of the efforts to transform Chinese medicinal decoction pieces in China, features portability and ease of storage. Thus, it is destined to be an indispensible dosage form in the modernization drive of Chinese medicine. The Announcement on Ending the Pilot Project of Chinese Medicine Dispensing Granules was released in February 2021 and relevant regulations went into force in November 2021, which marks the a new journey for the development of Chinese medicine dispensing granules and the beginning of the "post-pilot era". However, it faces the challenges in quality and standard. This study reviewed the history of Chinese medicine dispensing granules, analyzed the technical progress, market, and main problems in development, and proposed suggestions and prospects for its development in the "post-pilot era", which is expected to serve as a reference for its industry development and rational use.

Analysis on Feasibility of Electronic Nose Technology for Identification of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus from Authenticity and Specifications / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To establish a new fast and accurate method for identifying the authenticity and specifications of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus based on electronic nose technology， and to discuss the feasibility of this technology in the identification of decoction pieces. Method:Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus was used as the research object， 80 batches of samples to be tested were collected， and the olfactory sensory data of the electronic nose were taken as independent variables （<italic>X</italic>）， the results of the method contained in the 2020 edition of <italic>Chinese Pharmacopoeia</italic> were taken as the focus， and the traditional empirical identification results were used as benchmarking information （<italic>Y</italic>）. Four chemometric methods， including discriminant analysis （DA）， least square support vector machine （LS-SVM）， principal component analysis-DA （PCA-DA） and partial least squares-DA （PLS-DA）， were used to establish the identification model ［<italic>Y</italic>=<italic>F</italic>（<italic>X</italic>）］ of authenticity and commodity specifications of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus， respectively. Wherein， the identification accuracy and time-consuming was taken as indicators to discuss the results. Result:After cross-verification by leave-one-out method， the correct rates of the above four models were 93.75%， 91.25%， 95.00% and 95.00%， respectively， and the PCA-DA and PLS-DA identification models were the best in terms of authenticity identification. In specification identification， the correct rates of these four models were 86.67%， 88.00%， 89.33% and 68.00%， respectively， and the PCA-DA identification model was the best. The electronic nose had a high accuracy in the identification of authenticity and specification model， and the time consuming was relatively short. Conclusion:Electronic nose technology can identify Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus accurately and quickly， and has significant advantages in terms of timeliness and correct judgment rate.

Comparison of Detoxification Effect of Different Solvent Extracts of Lysimachiae Herba on Toxicity Induced by Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of different extracts of Lysimachiae Herba on the main toxicity induced by Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma. Method:Ninety male SPF Kunming mice were randomly divided into 9 groups according to their body weight，control group， Lysimachiae Herba water extract group， Lysimachiae Herba 30% ethanol extract group， Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma group， Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma combined with Lysimachiae Herba water extract group， Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma combined with Lysimachiae Herba 30% ethanol extract group， Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma combined with Lysimachiae Herba 60% ethanol extract group， Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma combined with Lysimachiae Herba 95% ethanol extract group and Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma combined with Lysimachiae Herba ethyl acetate extract group. The dosage of Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma and Lysimachiae Herba were 2，1 g·kg^-1 based on crude drugs， respectively. The control group was given an equal volume of solvent， and each group was given by gavage for 14 consecutive days. The blood and liver tissues were taken 24 hours after the last administration. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect serum biochemical indexes and liver lipid peroxidation/antioxidant indexes in mice. Meanwhile， principal component analysis was used to evaluate the attenuating effect and the mechanism of Lysimachiae Herba extract on toxicity of Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma. Result:Compared with control group， Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma caused the levels of alanine aminotransferase（ALT），aspartic acid amino transferase（AST），alkaline phosphatase（ALP） in serum of mice， and the levels of malondialdehyde （MDA） in liver， and comprehensive score of toxicity （Z value） produced by the above four indexes increased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The levels of total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD），glutathione-peroxidase （GPX），glutathione-S transferase （GST） decreased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01） in liver. Compared with Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma group， after intervention with extracts of two solvents （water， 30% ethanol） of Lysimachiae Herba， the levels of serum ALT， AST， ALP and liver MDA were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the levels of liver T-SOD， GPX and GST were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. After intervention with extracts of two solvents （60% ethanol， 95% ethanol） of Lysimachiae Herba， the levels of serum ALT， AST， ALP were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and liver GPX levels were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. After the intervention with ethyl acetate extract of Lysimachiae Herba， only the level of serum AST was significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05） and the level of GPX was significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. After the intervention with extracts of different solvents （water， 30% ethanol， 60% ethanol， 95% ethanol， ethyl acetate） of Lysimachiae Herba， it can significantly reduce the comprehensive score of toxicity （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The overall decline rates of toxicity were 127.5%， 113.4%， 98.1%， 56.3% and 31.0% respectively. Among them， the toxicity reduction rate of the extracts with water as a solvent was 14.1%， 29.4%， 71.2%， 96.5% higher than those of other solvent extracts with ethanol. Conclusion:The extracts of different solvents （water， 30% ethanol， 60% ethanol， 95% ethanol and ethyl acetate） of Lysimachiae Herba can reverse the toxicity induced by Tripterygii Radix et Rhizoma in varying degrees. Among them， water and 30% ethanol are the best solvents for detoxification， especially water as the extraction solvent， and with the increase of ethanol content or fat solubility of extraction solvent， the detoxification shows a downward trend.

Correlation of Chemical Components in Periploca forrestii with Ecological and Soil Factors / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the correlation of eight chemical components in Miao medicine <italic>Periploca forrestii</italic> from different producing areas with the ecological and soil factors. Method:The contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， isochlorogenic acid B， isochlorogenic acid A， isochlorogenic acid C， procyanidin A₂， and periplocin were simultaneously determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography （UPLC）. The root soil samples from various producing areas were collected for testing various soil factors， followed by climate data extraction with ArcGIS and topographic data recording using GPS. SPSS 24.0 was employed to conduct the bivariate analysis and stepwise regression analysis of the eight chemical components in <italic>P. forrestii</italic> from different producing areas with the ecological and soil factors. Result:Stepwise regression equations of the content of eight chemical components against ecological and soil factors were established. The findings demonstrated that neochlorogenic acid was negatively correlated with precipitation in the coldest season and chlorogenic acid negatively correlated with precipitation in the driest month. Cryptochlorogenic acid was negatively correlated with precipitation in the coldest season and average temperature in the warmest season， but positively with selenium. Isochlorogenic acid B was mainly affected by soil factors. Specifically， it was positively correlated with available iron and molybdenum but negatively with total phosphorus and available phosphorus. Isochlorogenic acid A was positively correlated with molybdenum but negatively with the coefficient of variation of precipitation. Isochlorogenic acid C showed a positive correlation with exchangeable magnesium. Procyanidin A₂ exhibited a positive correlation with molybdenum and a negative correlation with available potassium. Periplocin was negatively correlated with the coefficient of variation of precipitation. Conclusion:The correlation between the eight chemical components of <italic>P. forrestii</italic> and the ecological and soil factors has been clarified， which will provide reference for the introduction， cultivation， and standardized planting of <italic>P. forrestii </italic>and also a theoretical basis for further research on its ecological and soil factors and quality formation mechanism.

Clinical Study of Modified Chushi Juanbitang Combined with Pedicle Vertebrotomy on Kyphosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis Due to Syndrome of Dampness-heat Obstruction / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Chushi Juanbitang combined with pedicle vertebrotomy on kyphosis of ankylosing spondylitis due to syndrome of dampness-heat obstruction. Method:The 90 cases were randomly divided into control group and observation group， 45 cases in each group. The patients in control group received pedicle vertebrotomy + <italic>Tripterygium</italic> glycosides， and the patients in observation group received pedicle vertebrotomy + modified Chushi Juanbitang. The treatment course was 6 months in both groups. Their bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index （BASDAI）， bath ankylosing spondylitis measure index （BASMI）， imaging index， traditional Chinese medicine syndromes， serum proinflammatory factor， anti-inflammatory factor， bone metabolism index ［bone-specific alkaline phosphatase （BALP）， tartrate resistant acid phosphatase isomer-5b （TRACP-5 b）， bone morphogenetic protein-2 （BMP-2）， osteocalcin （BGP）］， ossification related proteins ［bone morphogenetic protein-7 （BMP-7）， dickkopf-related protein-1 （DKK-1）， and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-2 （TIMP-2）， sclerostin（SOST）］ were observed and detected. The clinical efficacy， recurrence rate and safety indexes were followed up for 12 months and compared. Result:The total effective rate was 97.73% （43/44） in the observation group， higher than 80.95% （34/42） in the control group （<italic>χ</italic>²=5.172， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. In the comparison with control group after treatment， the BASDAI， BASMI， imaging index， traditional Chinese medicine syndromes， proinflammatory factors， TRACP-5b， BMP-7 and TIMP-2 were lower in observation group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， and the anti-inflammatory factors， BALP， BMP-2， BGP， DKK-1 and SOST were higher in observation group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. During the follow-up for at least 12 months， the recurrence rate was 4.65% （2/43） in observation group， lower than 26.47% （9/34） in control group （<italic>χ</italic>²=4.261， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions was 2.27% （1/44） in observation group， lower than 38.64% （17/44） in control group （<italic>χ</italic>²=5.763， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:Modified Chushi Juanbitang combined with pedicle vertebrotomy is effective in the treatment of kyphosis of ankylosing spondylitis due to syndrome of dampness-heat obstruction.

Application of temporal kurtosis index in assessing hearing loss caused by complex noise / 中国职业医学

Complex noise with impulse or impact property is common in workplace, and its damage on the auditory system is greater than that of steady-state noise. At present, the noise exposure measurement and evaluation indicators widely used in the world mainly include the equivalent continuous sound level and the cumulative noise exposure, both are based on the equal energy hypothesis(EEH). EEH only considered the damage of noise energy on the auditory system, but ignored the effect of temporal characteristics of noise, and underestimated the degree of hearing loss associated with complex noise. This paper first introduced the limitations of current noise exposure assessment standards at home and abroad, then introduced the definition of temporal kurtosis and the calculation method of its related energy indexes(such as cumulative noise exposure and equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level), and further summarized the effectiveness of temporal kurtosis as an auxiliary parameter of noise energy in assessing the risk of hearing loss caused by complex noise, providing a rationale to supplement the existing noise assessment standards.

Study on the action mechanism of Wuling Powder on treating osteoporosis based on network pharmacology / 中国天然药物

Osteoporosis is a health problem to cause global concern. A lot of methods have been used to prevent and treat osteoporosis, but there is still a lack of effective treatment for osteoporosis owing to limited understanding of its mechanism. Therefore, the aim of this present study is to explore the underlying mechanism of Wuling Powder, a traditional Chinese medicine on treating osteoporosis. In this study, we firstly screened and identified the common targets between Wuling Powder and osteoporosis through the related databases, and then explored the relationships among these targets, Wuling Powder and osteoporosis by using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and network analyses. Subsequently, the molecular docking was performed by using systemsDock to evaluate the potential binding relationships between the active components of Wuling Powder and their related targets. The results showed that in total of 14 common targets including CREBBP, ADAM17, GOT1, GAPDH, USP8, ERBB2, EEF1A1, MTOR, RAC1, ETS1, DDX58, GCK, EGF and S100A8 were screened. EGF, ERBB2, MTOR and HIF-1 were the potential therapeutic targets for osteoporosis, and they were also the related targets for predicting active components in Wuling Powder. Taken together, we concluded that Wuling Powder might be used to treat osteoporosis through above these targets.

A rapid identification of authenticity and specifications of Chinese medicine Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus based on E-eye technology / 中国中药杂志

The quality of traditional Chinese medicine tablets is correlated with clinical efficacy and drug safety, and plays a great role in promoting the development of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the existing traditional artificial identification and modern instrument detection in terms of accuracy and timeliness have both advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately identify the quality of traditional Chinese medicine tablets has become a high-profile issue. The purpose of this paper is to explore the feasibility of the application of electronic eye technology in the study of rapid identification of traditional Chinese medicine quality. A total of 80 batches of samples were collected and tested by Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus for traditional empirical identification(M_1) and modern pharmacopeia(M_2). The optical data was collected from electronic eyes, and the chemical metrology was used to establish suitable discrimination models(M_3). Four authenticity and commodity specification models, namely identification analysis(DA), minimum bidirectional support vector machine(LS-SVM), partial minimum two-multiplier analysis(PLS-DA), main component analysis identification analysis(PCA-DA), were established, respectively. The accuracies of the authenticity identification models were 82.5%, 90.0%, 96.2% and 93.8%, while the accuracies of the commodity specification identification models were 89.3%, 96.0%, 90.7% and 97.3%, respectively. The models were well judged, the authenticity identification was based on the final identification model of PLS-DA, and the commodity specification was based on the final identification model of PCA-DA. There was no significant difference between its accuracy and M_1, and the time of determination was much shorter than M_2(P<0.01). Therefore, electronic-eye technology could be used for the rapid identification of the quality of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus.

Change laws of water absorption in Chinese herbal pieces and prediction model of relative density for Chinese medicine decoction / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to explore the change laws of water absorption in Chinese herbal pieces and establish the prediction model of relative density for Chinese medicine compound decoction. Firstly, fitted equations of water absorption and decocting time was established by observing the change laws of water absorption in 36 kinds of Chinese herbal pieces in 12 groups(according to the drug-parts) with decocting time. The r value of the mineral group and other type group was 0.691 2 and 0.663 3, respectively. The r value of the remaining 10 groups was 0.802 2-0.925 4. All P values were less than 0.05(n=21). The formula of the amount of water added was optimized by combining the fitted equations with determined water absorption, and the liquid yield could be controlled in a range of 100%±10%. Secondly, it was determined that the liquid density tester could be used for the rapid determination of relative density of Chinese medicine decoction after methodological study and comparison with the pycnometer method. The linear regression equation between the corrected relative density(y) and extraction ratio(%, x) was built by measuring and analyzing the related parameters such as liquid yield, relative density and extraction ratio in 46 kinds of Chinese herbal pieces. The established equation was y=0.041 3x+1.003 7, r=0.930 9(P <0.01, n=46), with linear range of 1.94%-65.75%. Based on this, the prototype model for predicting relative density of Chinese medicine decoction was established, and the relative densities of 8 Chinese medicine decoctions were within the prediction interval of this model in verification. This study lays a foundation for database construction of Chinese medicine decoction, implementation of personalized decocting mode and rapid quality control of Chinese medicine decoction.

Midterm outcome comparison between patients with bicuspid or tricuspid aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To compare the prognosis of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) or tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) stenosis. Methods: This was a retrospective study. Patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis, who underwent TAVR with follow-up time more than one year in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from April 2016 to August 2018, were included. According to aortic CT angiography, the patients were divided into BAV group and TAV group. The primary endpoint was the composite event of all-cause death and stroke, and the secondary endpoints were TAVR-related complications. Incidence of clinical endpoints and parameters derived from echocardiography were compared between the groups, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the composite event between the two groups. Results: A total of 49 patients were included. The age was (73.6±6.3) years, and 25(51.0%) were male. There were 32 patients in BAV group and 17 in TAV group, the follow-up time was 466 (390, 664) days. The incidence of composite endpoint of death and stroke at one year were comparable in BAV and TAV groups (6.3% (2/32) vs. 5.9% (1/17), P=1.00). Kaplan-Meier curves also showed a similar risk of the composite endpoint(HR=1.03，95%CI 0.09-11.24，Log-rank P=0.98) between two groups. The incidence of all-cause death, stroke, myocardial infarction, severe bleeding, major vascular complications, new-onset atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, and permanent pacemaker implantation were all similar between the two groups(all P>0.05), and there was no acute kidney injury (stage 2 or 3) in both groups. Echocardiographic parameters at one year were similar between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The midterm prognosis of TAVR in patients with BAV and TAV stenosis is similar. Clinical trials of large sample size with long-term follow-up are warranted to verify our findings.

Development of tilted implant for free end of maxillary posterior teeth / 华西口腔医学杂志

Vertical bone insufficiency in the maxillary posterior teeth is a common clinical situation. At present, the bone insufficiency in the maxillary posterior teeth is mainly overcome by bone grafting through maxillary sinus floor elevation. Compared with traditional axial implantation, tilted implantation can better avoid bone grafting, reduce complications, shorten the treatment cycle, reduce the treatment cost for patients, and gradually be promoted in clinical settings. This article reviews the concept, biomechanics, clinical evaluation, and digital trend of tilted implants of maxillary posterior teeth.

Influence of miRNA-21 in radiosensilivity of breasl cancer cells and ils mechanism / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To observe the influence of miRNA-21 in the radiosensitivity of the breast cancer cells, and to preliminarily explore its mechanism. Methods: The breast cancer T47D and MDA-MB-361 cells were irradiated with 0. 0. 2.5. and 5. 0 Gy y-ray. respectively; CCK8 assay was used to detect the survival rates of T47D and MDA-MB-361 cells and flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle; real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of miRNA-21 in cells during 72 h. The T47D and MDA-MB-361 cells were transfected with anti-miRNA-21 sequence (anti-miRNA-21 group) and negative control sequence (negative control group)∗ respectively; the untransfected cells were set as blank control group. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of miRNA-21 in cells in various groups. After irradiation with 0. 0 and 5. 0 Gy y-ray. CCK8 assay was used to detect the survival rates, and flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle. Results: After irradiation with 5. 0 Gy y-ray. the survival rate of T47D cells was significantly higher than that of the MDA-MB-361 cells (PC0.05). Compared with 0. 0 Gy radiation group, the percentages of T47D and MDA-MB-361 cells in G:

Masking Efficiency and Regularity of Bitterness Suppressants to Berberine Hydrochloride Based on Tongue Taste and Electronic Tongue Taste / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the masking efficiency and regularity of bitterness suppressants (BS) to a representative bitterness substance berberine hydrochloride (BBR). METHODS: Some quantitative evaluation methods of BS efficiency were established based on relevant literature and our previous research. Efficiency of respectively added into eight kinds of BS such as acesulfame, on bitter degree 3 BBR solution (0.05 mg•mL-1) were evaluated using the established methods. Bitterness masking regularity of BS on BBR solution were explained by respectively establishing the relationships between tongue tasted bitter decreased value (ΔI), electronic tongue tasted bitter decreased value (ΔIe) with BS concentration (ρ). RESULTS: ①Five tongue taste bitter masking efficiency (calibrated masking rate, bitterness revised standard half effect index and so on), two electronic tongue bitter masking efficiency(first taste reduce and aftertaste reduce) were established. ②Seven kinds of bitterness suppressants efficacy indicators can be used to compare the bitterness suppressants efficacy of BS to BBR solution, and the maximum bitterness reduction of 8 kinds of BS to BBR solution is above 1.8. ③ΔI-ρ Weibull regularity models of eight BS and nine ΔIe-ρ models of six BS were brlilt.HP-β-CD, glycine and crystalline fructose had good response to two sensor, stevioside, soluble soybean polysaccharide and acesulfame had a good response to one sensor and xanthan gum and aspartame had no response to any sensor. CONCLUSION: Seven evaluation indexes and methods are built based on human tongue and electronic tongue taste method. Max standard capability index of BS is suitable for the development of bitterness suppressants in taste method and two indicators of electronic tongue are also can be used as indicative indicators. Masking regularity of BS to BBR solution is exposed which could provide reference for the development and application of more BS.

Comparison of differential metabolites in urine of the middle school students with chronic fatigue syndrome before and after exercise / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the differential metabolites in urine and the characteristics of metabolic pathway of middle school students with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) before and after exercise, and then explain the metabolic mechanism of CFS.@*METHODS@#Eight male middle school students (age:17-19) with CFS were selectedas the CFS group according to CFS screening criteria of the U.S. centers.At the same time, 8 male health students of the same age from the same school were selected as the control group. They were administrated to do one-time exercise on the improved Harvard step (up and down steps 30 times/min for 3minutes). Their urinewascollected before and after exercise, and the differential metabolitesin urine were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The multidimensional statistical methods were used to analyze the metabolites by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Finally, MetPA database was used to analyze the metabolites and to construct the correlativemetabolic pathways.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the creatine, indoleacetaldehyde, phytosphingosine and pyroglutamic acid were selected as differential metabolites and the contents of those were decreased significantly (<0.05 or <0.01) in CFS groupbefore the step movement. However, 11 differential metabolitesin CFS group were selected out after exercise, which were nonanedioic acid, methyladenosine, acetylcarnitine, capric acid, corticosterone, creatine, levonorgestrel, pantothenic acid, pyroglutamic acid, xanthosine and xanthurenic acid in sequence, the contents of methyladenosine and creatinewere significantly increased (<0.05) and the contents of the other 9 differentialmetabolites were significantly decreased (<0.05 or <0.01)compared with the control group.The 15 differential metabolites mentioned above were input MetPA database in order to analyze the metabolic pathways weighted score.The results showed that the arginine-proline metabolism pathway disordersweredetected in theCFS group before exercise, the marker metabolite wascreatine. And 3 metabolic pathwaysdisorder weredetectedin the CFS groupafter exercise, which were arginine-proline metabolism, biosynthesis of pantothenic acid and CoA, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and the marker metabolites, in turn, werecreatine, pantothenic acid and corticosterone.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The disorder of arginine-proline metabolic pathway is detected in CFS middle school students before exercise intervention. After exercise, it can be detected that the steroid hormone biosynthetic metabolic pathway, pantothenic acid and CoA metabolic pathways also have metabolic disorders.